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Waggonfabrik Talbot was a rolling stock manufacturer founded in Aachen, Germany in 1838. The company was an early pioneer of self discharging freight wagons, and in the latter part of the twentieth century a major supplier to the Dutch State Railways (Nederlandse Spoorwegen). In the 1990s the company developed the Talent passenger train, and was acquired by Bombardier Inc.. As of 2011 company is part of Bombardier GmbH., and manufacturers passenger rolling stock. Since takeover it is also referred to as Bombardier Talbot. Bombardier announced the closure of the factory in 2012. ==History== In 1838, Pierre Pauwels and Hugo Talbot founded the ''Eisenbahn-Waggon-Fabrik Pauwels & Talbot Aachen'' (Pauwels & Talbot railway wagon factory) near the Adalbert gate (''Adalbertsot'') on Adalbertsteinweg. The company was founded to supply wagons to the ''Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Rhenish Railway Company),〔 and was one of the earliest wagon factories in Germany. Belgian and English industrial knowledge played a role in the early wagonworks, in particular English wagon technology, and Belgian engineers acting as technology transferists; Pauwels, a Belgian stagecoach and wagon maker, had the experience to oversee a wagon-making business, having already delivered wagons from his Brussels wagonworks to the ''Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn-Compagnie'' (Leipzig-Dresden Railway Company), whilst Talbot had the necessary Prussian citizenship to be eligible for the Rhenish Railway contract.〔 New production facilities were opened at in the ''Nordbahnhof'' area in 1845.〔 After the initial contract, the company sought orders but was hampered by a dependence on external suppliers, and by disruption due to the revolutions of 1848 in the German states,〔 as well as the distance to the markets;〔 because of transportation difficulties, a factory was built in Heidelberg in 1842. Several early German railways were supplied with wagons from Aachen,〔 including the ''Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn-Compagnie'' (Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company),〔 the ''München-Augsburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Munich-Augsburg Railway Company), ''Köln-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Cologne-Minden Railway Company), ''Düsseldorf-Elberfelder Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Düsseldorf-Elberfeld Railway Company), ''Main-Neckar-Bahn'' (Main-Neckar Railway), ''Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'' (Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company) and ''Großherzoglich Badische Staatseisenbahnen'' (Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway); most of the early lines in Southern Germany got wagons from the plant.〔 After Hugo Talbot's death in 1850, his sons with Peter Herbrand ran the company; after 1855 it was named as ''Talbot & Herbrand''.〔 A new factory was built on ''Jülicher Straße'' in 1860.〔 In 1891, George Talbot developed a new type of wagon - the 'self discharging wagon', which became a major source of sales. A modern plant along North American lines was added in 'Jülicher Straße'' in the 1890s, with modern equipment including air hammers, rivetting machines, and electric power for machines. By 1900 the plant employed up to 400 workers.〔 The factory site expanded in the early 1900s; by 1929 the factory employed 1700, and had a full order book, including a large order for express coaches for the Paris–Versailles line. After the interruption of the 1930s Great Depression, a new factory hall was completed, the ''Tannhäuserhalle''. During the Second World War, the factory was heavily damaged, being hit by over 3000 incendiary bombs. The company recovered during the 1950s, and by 1957 accounted for half of German exports of rolling stock.〔 After 1968 the company became the major supplier of rolling stock to the Dutch Railways, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS). In 1994 the Talent multiple unit was developed, and in 1995 the factory was acquired by Bombardier.〔 The Talent soon entered service in the rail system of Germany,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Diesel Multiple Unit TALENT Class 643.2 - Germany )〕 Austria〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Electrical Multiple Unit TALENT for Regional Service - Austria )〕 and Norway.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Diesel Multiple Unit TALENT Class 93 - Norway )〕 In late 2012 Bombardier announced the closure of the plant. The plants remaining contracts were expected to be completed by mid-2013, with lack of orders from the Netherlands contributing to the closure. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Waggonfabrik Talbot」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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